SMART GRID  Training Systems

SMART GRID  Training Systems

The term Smart Grid is used to refer to the smart electrical distribution network. They are basically electricity distribution networks combined with modern information technologies, which provide data to both electricity distribution companies and consumers. To provide intelligence to traditional electrical networks, telematic reading counters are added, that allow to know real-time consumption, both for the company and the end user. With this information it is possible to know consumption habits and improve network efficiency, as well as contribute to energy savings. Smart Grids have information and control elements in operation centers, making it possible to know the network situation and even act remotely on switches and other elements, helping to identify and solve technical problems faster. The smart grid system developed by De Lorenzo is organized into subsystems, each composed of several modules. They range from simulations of alternative energy sources: wind, hydroelectric, and solar. A subsystem that simulates the smart grid, with fault protection modules, that measure voltages and currents in real time to detect faults in the electrical network .Throughout the catalogue we will present in detail each of the elements that compose it, as well as the practical scope in the development of the professional competences of the students. All our modules have interconnected theory and practices that enable students to gradually learn and teachers to plan their courses.

SMART GRID DL SGWD
SMART GRID  training systems
The smart grid training system developed by De Lorenzo can be organized in eight subsystems, each comprised of several modules. The first four subsystems are simulations of energy sources; the first one is the main power supply of the grid with a three-phase supply unit that represents a coal plant. The other three subsystems correspond to alternative sources of energy: wind, hydroelectric and solar. The wind plant simulation is made with a three-phase induction motor acting as a generator while the hydroelectric plant simulation is made with a three-phase synchronous machine, additionally with a generator synchronizing relay module to make possible the connection to the grid. Finally, the solar energy part of the system is generated with a solar panel and four dimmable lamps simulating the sun, which is connected to an inverter module that allows the energy generated to be transferred to the grid. A fifth subsystem in the smart grid consists of modules for fault protection; the modules are a feeder manager relay that measures in real time voltages and currents to detect faults in the grid and four power circuit breakers controlled by the previous module to disconnect faulty lines. The sixth subsystem refers to modules for measuring; it has three maximum demand meters that measure AC voltages, currents, frequencies, active power, reactive power, apparent power, power factor and THD for each of the three available phases in the grid and two electrical power digital measuring units that, besides measuring the same as the previous module, make measurements of DC voltage, current, power and energy. The seventh subsystem is for power factor control with 2 modules, the first one is a switchable capacitor battery with four different values of capacitors and the second one is a reactive power controller that activates the capacitors of the previous module to make a power factor correction. The last subsystem is composed of passive elements; three modules with different kind of loads (capacitive, inductive, resistive) that simulate the loads in a house or factory and two modules with impedances simulating the losses generated in transmission lines, specifically in lines of  110 and 360 km length. A SCADA software provides to the acquisition and storage of the data coming from the measurement instruments and to the control of the actuators for an “intelligent” management of the whole electrical system. The SCADA software can also be supplied on request in an OPEN version, so that the teacher can implement his own project and select modes and procedure for visualizing the parameters and controlling the actuators. The system described above represents the basic configuration of our laboratory (DL SGWD). Optionally, it is also possible to add an additional wind energy small scale generation system, with a real wind turbine connected to an inverter module to make possible the connection to the grid.
Modules of this laboratory
 
SMART GRID DL SGWD-W
 
SMART GRID training systems

De Lorenzo has designed a modular Smart Grid training system that studies the power flow and interaction between the electricity supplier’s networks (generation, transmission, and distribution systems) and the consumers (residential and/or commercial customers). Industrial grade equipment has been integrated into a controlled environment, providing a flexible and reconfigurable learning platform to study electrical power engineering applications. The core of the laboratory is a simplified scaled-down model of a power distribution system. Several power sources from different renewable energies are connected to the system on different points simulating a distributed power generation system. The energy can be added from the production side (high and mid voltage) or from the end-user side (microgrid). The system includes 3 different energy generation subsystems: – A variable pitch wind plant. – A hydroelectric plant with pumped storage. – Micro-grid energy sources using a solar photovoltaic system with battery storage and an optional micro-wind system generating energy from the low voltage side of the grid. A double busbar system and circuit breakers allow the isolation of sections of the system or the insertion of the available renewable energy sources to create a bidirectional power flow in the distribution network. A set of active measurement devices are strategically placed to monitor the power flow in the system in real time and provide protection. The operation of the laboratory is done through the SCADA software. An industrial feeder manager relay can be configured to study the protection techniques at different points of the system.

Catalogue 

SMART GRID DL SGWD2.0

De Lorenzo has designed a modular trainer that studies the power flow and interaction between the electricity supplier’s networks (generation, transmission, and distribution systems) and the consumers (residential and/or commercial customers). Industrial grade equipment has been integrated into a controlled environment, providing a flexible and reconfigurable learning platform to study electrical power engineering applications. The core of the laboratory is a simplified scaled-down model of a power distribution system. Several power sources from different renewable energies are connected to the system on different points simulating a distributed power generation system. The energy can be added from the production side (high and mid voltage) or from the end-user side (microgrid). The system includes 3 different energy generation subsystems: – A variable pitch wind plant. – A hydroelectric plant with pumped storage. – Micro-grid energy sources using a solar photovoltaic system with battery storage and an optional micro-wind system generating energy from the low voltage side of the grid. A double busbar system and circuit breakers allow the isolation of sections of the system or the insertion of the available renewable energy sources to create a bidirectional power flow in the distribution network. A set of active measurement devices are strategically placed to monitor the power flow in the system in real time and provide protection. The operation of the laboratory is done through the SCADA software. An industrial feeder manager relay can be configured to study the protection techniques at different points of the system.

Catalogue